新生儿肺出血危险因素的临床分析

Rish factors of neonatal pulmonary hemorrhage

目的探讨新生儿肺出血发生的危险因素,对新生儿肺出血做出早期识别及防治。方法选取本院新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)中2005年1月至2018年12月确诊为新生儿肺出血的病例作为研究组,按1∶2的比例随机选取同期入住NICU的同胎龄、同日龄非肺出血的新生儿作为对照组,对其进行回顾性分析;定量分析采用χ^2检验,定性资料采用联列系数相关分析、logistic回归分析。结果研究组44例,对照组88例,通过logistic回归分析发现,极低出生体质量儿、重度窒息、动脉导管未闭、Ⅲ~Ⅳ级颅内出血、输血、小于胎龄儿与肺出血相关,有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论极低出生体质量儿、重度窒息、动脉导管未闭、Ⅲ~Ⅳ级颅内出血、输血、小于胎龄儿是新生儿肺出血的高危因素。

Objective To recognize and treat the neonatal pulmonary hemorrhage early by exploring the risky factors of neonatal pulmonary hemorrhage.Methods The neonates with pulmonary hemorrhage treated at the NICU of our hospital from January,2005 to December,2018 were selected as a study group;the neonates with the same gestation and age treated at the NICU during the same period were selected according to the proportion of 1∶2 as a control group.Both groups were retrospectively analyzed.The quantitative data were analyzed by χ^2 test.The qualitative data were analyzed by multi-factor logistic regression models and coefficient of contingency analysis.Results There were 44 cases in the study group and 88 in the control group.The multi-factor analysis of the logistic regression showed that very low birth weight newborns,severe asphyxia,patent ductus arteriosus,Ⅲ-Ⅳgrade intracranial hemorrhages,blood transfusion,and small for gestational age of neonates were relevant to neonatal pulmonary hemorrhage,with statistical significance(all P<0.05).Conclusion Very low birth weight newborns,severe asphyxia,patent ductus arteriosus,Ⅲ-Ⅳ grade intracranial hemorrhages,blood transfusion,and small for gestational age of neonates are the risky factors of neonatal pulmonary hemorrhage.