离任与接任:清代省例中的交接制度研究

Departure and Succession: A Study of the Provincial Handover System of Qing Dynasty

在清代官员交接,也叫交代或交盘,是指官员在新旧交替时,所做的各种交接事务,是清代地方管理中重要的政治制度。省例作为清代地方重要的法规文件,制定了很多关于官员交接方面的内容。这些内容中含有浓郁的地方特色及区域间的差异,且内容多数以具体交接的规则为主,呈现出多样的法律公文类型。同时省例中的官员交接内容,又是对国家律令的有益补充,也是极具地方特点的官员交接法规。

Handover in the Qing Dynasty,also known as accountability or handover,refers to the various handover matters that officials dealt wih when the old and the new changed.It was an important political system in local administration in the Qing Dynasty.Provincial legislation,as an important local regulatory document in the Qing Dynasty,formulated a lot of content on the transfer of officials.These contents contain strong local characteristics and regional differences,and most of the contents are mainly based on specific transfer rules,presenting various types of legal documents.At the same time,the content of the transfer of officials in the provincial regulations is a useful supplement to national laws and regulations,and it is also a local transfer of officials with special characteristics.