基于生态浮床的乡村微污染河道水质净化研究

Study on Water Quality Purification of Rural Micro-polluted River based on Ecological Floating Bed

为了综合解决乡村河流微污染问题,文章以上夹河退水渠河道微污染水体为对象,以净化能力强且观赏性较好的9种水生植物为试验供试植物,构建了单一植物型生态浮床,研究了植物型生态浮床对水体中氨氮(NH4^+-N)、总磷(TP)、化学需氧量(COD)等指标的去除情况,结果表明:9种植物生态浮床对乡村微污染河道水体中污染物的去除率有一定差异;其中,象草、芦苇、水葫芦对NH4^+-N去除率较高,分别为54.58%、61.04%、67.50%;黄菖蒲、美人蕉、水葫芦对TP去除率较高,分别为83.93%、86.26%、89.17%;黄菖蒲、风车草、水葫芦对COD去除率较高,分别为31.82%、31.83%、33.39%;该研究能够为植物型生态浮床技术在今后乡村微污染河流中的应用提供理论指导。

Shangjia River escape canal micro-polluted water is regarded as the object in the paper in order to solve problems of micro-polluted rural rivers comprehensively,9 aquatic plants with strong purification ability and ornamental performance are selected as test plants,thereby constructing a single plant ecological floating bed.The removal of plant-type ecological floating beds on water ammonia nitrogen(NH4^+-N),total phosphorus(TP),chemical oxygen demand(COD)and other indicators is studied.The results show that the nine plant ecological floating beds have certain difference on the removal rate of pollutants in micro-polluted rural rivers,wherein elephant grass,reed and water hyacinth have higher removal rates of NH4^+-N,respectively 54.58%,61.04% and 67.50%.The TP removal rate of yellow flag,India canna and water hyacinth is 83.93%,86.26% and 89.17% respectively.The COD removal rate of yellow flag,clinopodium urticifolium and water hyacinth is 31.82%,31.83% and 33.39% respectively.It can provide theoretical guidance for the application of plant-type ecological floating bed technology in future rural micro-polluted rivers.