中国藏缅语描写语言学研究70年述略

Review on SeventyYears of Descriptive Linguistics about Tibetan and Burmese in China

藏缅语族语言的描写语言学在汉藏语研究中占有重要的地位而倍受人们的普遍重视。藏缅语族语言的差异很大,对藏缅语族语言进行共时描写与分析研究及理论与方法的探索,无论对汉藏语的历史比较研究,还是对语言的理论建设都有其特殊的价值。70年来的藏缅语描写研究取得了丰硕的成果。人们对藏缅语的现状及其历史演变规律的认识在逐步向纵深方向发展,对各语言的系属归类的研究也逐渐变得明朗,对一些语支,如藏语支语言,羌语支语言的研究也取得了前所未有的成绩。在今后的研究中,藏缅语研究领域该如何运用历史比较语言学理论,如何改变各语言研究的不均衡状况及个语言要素研究不均衡状况,乃至如何进行深层次的语言田野调查,加强语言描写研究,我们期待更多的藏缅语研究的思考与创新。

The descriptive linguistics about Tibetan and Burmese languages plays an important role in the study of Chinese and Tibetan Languages,and it is paid more and more attention.There are great differences between the Tibetan and Burmese languages.The synchronic description and analysis of the Tibetan and Burmese languages,as well as the exploration of theories and methods,are of special value to the historical comparative study of Chinese and Tibetan Languages and the theoretical construction of languages.In the past 70 years,the study of Tibetan Burmese Language description has achieved fruitful results.People′s understanding of the current situation and historical evolution of Tibetan Burmese is gradually developing in depth,and the research on the generic classification of various languages is gradually becoming clear.The research on some languages,such as Tibetan and Qiang languages,has also made unprecedented achievements.In the future research,how to use the historical comparative linguistic theory in the field of Tibetan and Burmese research,how to change the unbalanced situation of various language research and the unbalanced situation of individual language elements research,and how to conduct deep-seated language field investigation and strengthen the research of language description deserve our more thinking and innovation of Tibetan and Burmese research.