日本和韩国长期护理保险发展的比较研究及中国的选择

A Comparative Study on the Development of Long-term Care Insurance in Japan and Korea and the Choice in China

随着全球范围内老龄化速度的加快发展,老龄化社会中老年人的护理需求问题开始凸显。为应对老年长期护理费用的筹资问题,部分国家率先建立了长期护理保险制度。通过对日本和韩国建立长期护理保险的制度背景、筹资责任、给付方式、政策效果、发展趋势的比较研究,围绕学界存在的主要争论,对比目前中国建立长期护理保险制度的主要条件,提出长期护理保险制度不应该是首选,而需要率先在中国建立起以"失能老人补贴+护理服务"制度为主的长期护理制度。

With the rapid development of global aging,the problem of the elderly care needs in the aging society began to highlight. In order to deal with the financing of long-term care costs,some countries took the lead in establishing a long-term care insurance system. Based on the comparative analysis of institutional background,financing responsibility,payment method,policy effect and development trend of long-term care insurance in Japan and Korea,this paper focuses on the main controversy of the long-term care insurance system in China. According to the main conditions of establishing long-term care insurance system in China,long-term care system should first establish the " disabled elderly allowance + care services" system rather than establish the long-term care insurance system at first in China.