级联聚合反应

Cascade Polymerization

级联聚合是指将2种或2种以上聚合反应结合起来,在一个体系中通过一步投料一锅一次性完成的聚合反应.由于不需要将聚合物中间体取出和分离提纯,因此具有绿色、高效等特点,可合成常规聚合方法难以合成的多嵌段共聚物.本文总结和介绍了级联聚合,重点介绍本课题组开发的开环-缩合级联聚合的聚合机理、聚合动力学和聚合热力学,及其在聚酯和共聚酯合成方面的应用.该方法结合了链式聚合和逐步聚合的优点,具有聚合速度快,反应步骤简单,聚合条件相对温和,软硬段比例可控等优点,可合成常规聚合方法难以合成的多嵌段共聚酯.这类多嵌段共聚酯在弹性体及储能材料等方面具有良好的应用前景.

Cascade polymerization, or domino polymerization, is a polymerization process involving two or more consecutive polymerizations under the same reaction condition, in which the subsequent polymerizations result as a consequence of the functional polymer intermediates formed in the previous polymerization step, i.e.,two or more polymerizations proceed cascade in an in situ one feeding step, one pot system. As the separation and purification of intermediate polymers are not needed, cascade polymerization has the characteristics of "green"and high efficiency, which is especially important in the synthesis of block copolymers. This review introduces the concept of cascade polymerization, with the focus on the cascade polycondensation-coupling ring-opening polymerization(PROP) method developed by our research group, as well as the kinetics, thermodynamics and the application of PROP in the synthesis of polyesters and copolyesters. By the combination of chain-growth and stepgrowth polymerization together in one system, PROP has the merits of fast polymerization speed, easy to handle with mild polymerization conditions, controlled rigid to soft segments weight ratio, and can be used for the synthesis of multiblock copolymers which are hard to be synthesized by traditional polymerization techniques.These multiblock copolyesters have potential applications in elastomers and energy storage materials.