高速列车侧墙铝型材降噪研究

Noise Reduction of Side Wall Aluminum Profiles of High-speed Trains

建立高速列车侧墙铝型材隔声与声辐射预测模型,将仿真值与实验值进行对比分析,验证模型的有效性。通过改变上、下蒙皮厚度的配比和筋板倾角,探究其对侧墙铝型材隔声及声辐射性能的影响。研究结果表明:在原有结构基础上,上蒙皮增加1 mm,下蒙皮减小1 mm,能够使结构计权隔声量提升1.9 dB;筋板倾角增加5°可使结构计权隔声量增加0.9 dB;蒙皮厚度及筋板倾角的改变均不能有效降低结构的声辐射水平。研究结论可为高速列车侧墙铝型材的降噪优化提供数据借鉴。

The prediction model of sound insulation and sound radiation of aluminum profiles of the side wall of highspeed trains was established.The simulation result and the experimental result were compared and analyzed to verify the effectiveness of the model.By changing the ratio of the thickness of the upper skin to the lower skin and the inclination angle of the rib plate,their influence on the sound insulation and sound radiation performance of the aluminum profiles of the side wall was investigated.The research results show that on the basis of the original structure,when the upper skin is increased by 1mm and the lower skin is decreased by 1mm,the weighted sound insulation of the structure can be increased by 1.9 dB.When the inclination angle of the rib plate is increased by 5 degrees,the weighted sound insulation of the structure can be increased by 0.9 dB.Changing the thickness of the skin and the inclination angle of the rib plate is unlikely to reduce the level of acoustic radiation of the structure effectively.The research conclusions can provide the data for the optimization of noise reduction of aluminum profiles for side walls of high-speed trains.