青海高寒区典型人工林植物多样性、地上生物量特征及其相关性

Plant diversity, ground biomass characteristics and their relationships of typical plantations in the alpine region of Qinghai

研究青海高寒区典型人工林植物多样性与生物量关系有助于植物多样性及生物量的相互预测,对于阐明植物多样性对生态系统的作用具有重要意义。以青海高寒区典型人工林为研究对象,采用标准地调查法、生物量模型估算法、生物量收获法等对人工林乔木层、灌木层和草本层的植物多样性及地上生物量进行定量研究,得到以下结果:(1)青海高寒区人工林植物多样性表现为草本层高于灌木层与乔木层,群落植物多样性受草本层植物多样性影响较大。(2)林龄为20年的人工林地上生物量介于921.9532—6314.9671 g/m^2之间,林龄为35年的人工林地上生物量介于9563.0731—15181.1201 g/m^2之间,不同林分类型之间地上生物量差异显著。(3)青海省高寒区人工林灌木层与草本层地上生物量占地上总生物量的比例较小,分别在0.77%—1.49%,0.004%—18.54%之间,乔木层地上生物量在群落地上总生物量中起主导地位。(4)青海高寒区人工林群落及草本植物丰富度与草本地上生物量之间呈三次函数关系(P<0.05)。

Studying the relationship between plant diversity and biomass of typical plantations in the alpine region of Qinghai contributes to the mutual prediction of plant diversity and biomass.It is of great significance for elucidating the role of plant diversity in ecosystems.We selected the typical plantations in the alpine region of Qinghai as the research object.The plant diversity and ground biomass of the arbor,shrub and herb layers of the plantations were quantitatively studied by standard land survey method,biomass model estimation method,and biomass harvesting method.The results showed that:(1)the plant diversity of the herbaceous layer in the artificial forests was higher than that in the shrub and arbor layers.Community plant diversity was greatly affected by plant diversity of herbaceous layers.(2)The ground biomass of plantations with a forest age of 20 years was from 921.9532 g/m^2 to 6314.9671 g/m^2,and that with a forest age of 35 years was from 9563.0731 g/m^2 to 15181.1201 g/m^2.There was a significant difference in ground biomass between different forest types.(3)The proportion of ground biomass in the shrub layer and herb layer of the artificial forest in Qinghai Province was small,ranging from 0.77%to 1.49%and from 0.004%to 18.54%,respectively.The ground biomass of the arbor layer dominated the total biomass of the ground part of the community.(4)There was a cubic functional relationship between herbaceous ground biomass and community and herbaceous plant richness in the artificial forests of Qinghai high-altitude area(P<0.05).