鱼虾肠道菌群代谢产物短链脂肪酸研究进展

Research Advances on Short-chain Fatty Acids of Metabolites of Gut Microbiota in Aquatic Animals

短链脂肪酸(Short-chain fatty acids,SCFAs)是指碳链中碳原子数量小于6个的有机脂肪酸,主要由食物中不消化的碳水化合物在体内经厌氧菌酵解生成,主要包括乙酸、丙酸、丁酸等。随着消化道微生物研究的不断深入,肠道微生物代谢产物-短链脂肪酸也被报道出具有重要的生理功能。主要综述了短链脂肪酸在水产动物营养代谢和免疫抗病上的作用,并对水产动物短链脂肪酸的研究短板进行了展望,以期推进水产动物短链脂肪酸的研究进程及实际应用。

Short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)refer to organic fatty acids with less than 6 carbon atoms in the carbon chain. They are mainly produced by anaerobic glycolysis of indigestible carbohydrates in food,mainly including acetate,propionate,butyrate,etc. With the deep research of microbial flora in the digestive tract,microbial metabolites,short-chain fatty acids,have also been reported to have important physiological functions. This paper mainly reviews the role of SCFAs in the nutritional metabolism and immune disease resistance of aquatic animals. Meanwhile,this review outlooks the weakness of researching SCFAs in aquatic animals,aiming to promote the research process and actual application of SCFAs in aquatic animals.