白洋淀喹诺酮类抗生素与微生物群落结构和多样性相关性研究

The correlation between quinolone antibiotics and microbial community structure and diversity in Baiyangdian Lake

微生物作为水生态系统中的重要组成部分,其对水环境的能量流动和物质循环等具有重要作用,为研究富营养化湖泊中喹诺酮类抗生素(Quinolones,QNs)对微生物群落结构和微生物多样性的影响,本研究选取白洋淀为研究区,建立了QNs与微生物群落的相关性.结果表明,已测的QNs均有不同程度检出,其中,氟甲喹(Flumequine,FLU)和恶喹草酸(Oxolinic Acid,OXO)检出率较高;就空间分布而言,水体中QNs最大值出现在采蒲台区(433.52 ng·L^-1),最小值出现在枣林庄和烧车淀区(20.51 ng·L^-1);沉积物中QNs最大值出现在端村区(372.72 ng·g^-1),最小值出现在藻苲淀区(20.29 ng·g^-1).高通量测序结果表明,白洋淀沉积物微生物群落的优势种群为变形菌门和绿弯菌门,平均含量分别为38.62%和19.85%;变形菌门和绿弯菌门占所有微生物的比例在端村区最高(62.31%),藻苲淀区最低(54.62%).多样性指数分析结果表明,枣林庄和烧车淀区和藻苲淀区的微生物多样性指数(Chao1指数、Shannon指数和Simpsoneven指数)最高,而端村区最低.研究表明,受抗生素污染严重的区域通常会使微生物群落丰度下降,与本研究结果基本相符,说明微生物多样性受抗生素污染影响,对研究QNs污染的治理具有重要意义,为未来解决污染问题提供了良好的基础.

As an important component of aquatic ecosystem, microorganism plays an important role in energy flow and material cycle in aquatic environment. In this study, Baiyangdian Lake was selected as the study area, in order to study the effects of Quinolones(QNs) on microbial community structure and diversity, and to establish the correlation between QNs and microbial community in Baiyangdian Lake. The results show that: all QNs were detected with different detection frequencies, therein, Flumequine(FLU) and Oxolinic Acid(OXO) with the highest detection frequencies. For spatial distribution, the maximum concentration of QNs in water was appeared in Caiputai Area(433.52 ng·L^-1), while the minimum concentration was showed in Zaolinzhuang & Shaochedian(20.51 ng·L^-1). The highest concentration of QNs in sediment was appeared in Duancun Area(372.72 ng·g^-1), while the lowest concentration was showed in Zaozhadian Area(20.29 ng·g^-1). Through high throughput sequencing, the results showed that Proteobacteria and Chloroflexi were the dominant species in sediment of Baiyangdian Lake, with the average proportion of 38.62% and 19.85%. The highest proportion of Proteobacteria and Chloroflexi was appeared in Duancun Area(62.31%), while the lowest values appeared in Zaozhadian Area(54.62%). The results of Diversity index analysis show that, the microbial diversity indexes(Chao1 Index, Shannon Index, and Simpsoneven Index) were the highest in Zaolinzhuang & Shaochedian Area, while the lowest appeared in Duancun Area. Previous studies showed that the abundance of microbial community decreased in area heavily contaminated with antibiotics, which is consistent with the results of this study, indicating that the diversity of microbial community was affected by antibiotics. The study can provide a good method for solving pollution problems in the future.