统一山水林田湖草生态保护修复标准体系研究

Study on the unified standard system of ecological protection and rehabilitation of mountain-river-forest-farmland-lake-grass

加强山水林田湖草生态保护修复标准体系建设,是统一行使国土空间生态保护修复的基础性工作。我国现行山水林田湖草生态保护修复有关标准多达350多项,存在标准体系不统一、内容交叉重复、协调性差、发布时间长、关键标准缺少等问题。在梳理相关领域标准的基础上,结合我国山水林田湖草生态保护修复试点工程实践,提出以矿山、水环境、森林、农田、湖泊、草原、湿地、海洋、农村、城市等为对象,以生态问题和修复工程为重点,围绕生态目标控制、调查监测评价、规划设计、工程技术、生态维护管理等功能需求,研究提出建立统一的山水林田湖草生态保护修复标准体系,指导当前我国山水林田湖草生态保护修复工程建设和国土空间生态修复。

Strengthening the construction of standard systems for the ecological protection and rehabilitation of mountain-river-forest-farmland-lake-grass is the basic work of unified land space ecological protection and rehabilitation. More than 350 standards exist for the ecological protection and rehabilitation of mountain-river-forest-farmland-lake-grass in China, which are associated with problems such as inconsistent standard systems, cross-duplication, poor coordination, long duration of publication, and a lack of key standards. This study reviewed the relevant field standards, combining the practice of ecological protection and rehabilitation of mountain-river-forest-farmland-lake-grass in China. It is proposed that mines, water environments, forests, farmland, lakes, grasslands, wetlands, oceans, countryside, and cities are taken as study objects, focusing on ecological problems and project types. The functional requirements of ecological target control, investigation, monitoring, and evaluation, planning and design, engineering technology, ecological maintenance, and management, are studied to establish a unified standard system for the ecological protection and rehabilitation of mountain-river-forest-farmland-lake-grass, guiding the construction of ecological protection and rehabilitation projects of mountain-river-forest-farmland-lake-grass and the ecological restoration of land space in China.