论钦努阿·阿契贝和奇玛曼达·阿迪奇小说中的非洲故事传统

On the African Story Tradition in the Novels of Chinua Achebe and Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie

尼日利亚作家钦努阿·阿契贝和奇玛曼达·阿迪奇是当代非洲作家中的翘楚。为复位非洲文化、重塑非洲形象,他们挖掘非洲民间故事的传统资源,以小说为载体表述当代非洲的现实和理想,带动了口头性与书写的创造性融合。本研究以两位作家的小说为分析文本,结合他们的创作思想和相关言论,分别对非洲故事传统意味什么,何为单一的故事,故事该如何讲述,以及故事进入当代文学有何意义四个问题做出回答,从而挖掘非洲故事传统的核心价值,揭示单一故事的实质和危害,探析故事叙事的基本特征,并论述这种创造性写作对于现代性,尤其是民族主义观念的改写。

The Nigerian writers Chinua Achebe and Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie are among the leading contemporary African writers. In order to restore African culture and rebuild the image of Africa,they tapped the traditional resources of African folktales and expressed the realities and ideals of contemporary Africa with novels as the carrier,which led to the creative integration of orality and writing. This study takes the two writers’ novels as the analysis text,in combination with their ideas and related remarks,to address four questions respectively: what is the meaning of African story tradition,what is the single story,how to tell a story,and what is the significance of the story entering contemporary literature,so as to excavate the core value of African story tradition,reveal the essence and harm of the single story,explore the basic characteristics of story narration,and discusses the rewriting of such creative narration on modernity,especially on nationalism.