重庆市不同健康教育模式下适龄儿童的预防接种现状分析

Analysis on status quo of vaccination for eligible children under different health education modes in Chongqing City

目的了解不同预防接种健康教育模式下儿童监护人预防接种知识行为现状及儿童家长中预防接种移动应用程序(APP)的使用情况。方法采用病例对照研究,将调查对象分为APP组和传统健康教育模式组(非APP组),调查儿童监护人的预防接种知识及行为等。结果该调查共收回有效问卷480份,其中APP组268份,非APP组212份;APP组在年龄年轻化构成和高文化程度构成上较非APP组有优势;APP组人群在疫苗接种有关知识方面较非APP组知晓率更高(P<0.05)、延迟接种发生率更低(P<0.05)、多集中在1个月内接种,非APP组自述延迟接种发生率稍高,且多在3个月及以上时间完成接种。APP组与非APP组中分别有68.66%和72.64%的儿童因生病延迟接种,13.81%和15.09%的儿童因为家长忘记和忙延迟接种。结论预防接种手机APP对儿童家长进行健康教育能够促进其预防接种知识的增长,提高免疫规划适龄儿童及时接种率。

Objective To understand the status quo of the knowledge and behaviors of preventive vaccination among the children's guardians and the use situation of vaccination mobile application(APP)among the children's parents under different health education modes.Methods The case control study was adopted.The respondents were divided into the APP group and traditional health education mode group(non-APP)group.Then the knowledge and behaviors of preventive vaccination among the children′s guardians were investigated.Results A total of 480 valid questionnaires were recovered,including 268 questionnaires in the APP group and 212 questionnaires in the non-APP group.The population in the APP group had the advantages in the younger composition of age and high cultural degree composition than the non-APP group.The awareness rate of vaccination related knowledge in the APP group was higher than that in the non-APP group(P<0.05),the occurrence rate of delay vaccination was lower(P<0.05),the vaccination in the APP group was mainly concentrated at 1 month,while the non-APP group recounted by oneself that the occurrence rate of delay vaccination was slightly higher,moreover the vaccination mostly completed in 3 months or more.68.66%children in the APP group and 72.64%children in the non-APP group had the delay vaccination due to illness respectively,and 13.81%children in the APP group and 15.09%children in the non-APP group had the delay vaccination due to parents forgetting and busy.Conclusion Conducting the health education on the children's parents by using the vaccination mobile APP can promote the growth of knowledge about vaccination and increase the timely vaccination rate in eligible children by immunization plan.