熟性和季节因素与葡萄叶片耐霜冻能力的关系研究

Relationship between frost sensitivity in leaves of grapevine and seasonal factors and maturity

为研究葡萄的熟性、季节因素对葡萄叶片耐霜冻能力的影响,从欧亚种、欧美种以及种间杂种(3个种群中分别选择一个早熟品种和一个晚熟品种作为试材,于春、秋两季采集葡萄叶片,进行人工模拟霜冻,构建叶片霜冻伤害度与温度的Logistics回归方程,计算伤害度为10%、50%和90%时的温度LT10、LT50和LT90并用于叶片耐霜冻能力比较。结果表明,葡萄叶片发生霜冻的温度范围为5.09~1.63℃。秋季的葡萄叶片比春季的葡萄叶片对霜冻更为敏感。早熟品种和晚熟品种叶片耐霜冻能力存在显著差异,但其耐霜冻能力的相对水平受种群和季节影响。

In order to investigate the differences of frost sensitivity in leaves of grapevine in different seasons for the early-maturing and late-maturing cultivars,six cultivars from three species(V.vinifera,V.vinifera×V.labrusca,interspecific crossing)were selected as materials.Each specie was consisted of two cultivars with one early-maturing cultivar and one late-maturing cultivar.Leaves of six cultivars in spring and fall were collected and frozen in the laboratory.A logistics model was used to establish the relationship between the ratio of leaves injured and temperature.The lethal temperature at which 10%,50%,90%leaves were injured were calculated from logistics models.The results showed that frost occurred at the range of 5.09 to 1.63℃.Leaves of grapevine in fall were more sensitive to frost than that in spring.There were signi cant di erence in frost sensitivity of leaves of the early-maturing cultivars and the late-maturing cultivars,the relative level of frost-tolerance of the early-maturing cultivars and late-maturing cultivars was in uenced by species and seasons.