思维导图在骨科患者防跌倒管理中的应用

The application of mind map in prevention of fall management of high-risk fall patients in orthopedics department

目的探讨思维导图在骨科病房高危跌倒患者防跌倒管理中的应用效果。方法选取2018年3月-8月本院骨科的高危跌倒患者,按入院时间先后分为对照组(130人)和观察组(123人)。对照组对高危跌倒患者采用常规护理。观察组运用思维导图对骨科病房跌倒管理中存在的问题进行分析,制定并落实改进措施。同时使用思维导图对高危跌倒风险患者及陪护进行健康教育,并对护士进行培训。比较实施前后护士对于跌倒评估的准确率,两组患者对跌倒知识的知晓率、满意度以及跌倒发生情况。结果实施后护士对跌倒评估的准确率为93.2%,高于对照组84.76%(χ2=3.768,P=0.042);两组患者对预防跌倒相关知识的知晓率观察组高于对照组(P<0.05);患者对跌倒管理满意度5个方面的得分观察组均高于对照组(t值分别为12.63,10.23,8.06,6.61,8.54,P=0.00);对照组发生3例跌倒/坠床,观察组未发生跌倒(P>0.05)。结论思维导图运用于住院患者防跌管理,对护士和骨科高危跌倒患者进行跌倒的培训和教育,能提高护士对跌倒评估的准确性和患者对防跌倒知识的掌握程度,提高患者满意度。

Objective To explore the effect of mind map in the management of prevention of falls in high-risk patients in orthopaedic ward.Methods Patients with high-risk falls in our department of orthopedics from march to August 2018 were selected and divided into the control group and the observation group according to the time of admission.The control group used routine nursing measures for high-risk fall patients,while the observation group used mind map.The accuracy rate of nurses’evaluation of falls before and after the intervention was compared,and the awareness rate,satisfaction and occurrence of falls of the two groups of patients were compared.Results The accuracy rate of the nurses in assessing falls after mind map was 93.20%,higher than 84.76%(χ2=3.768,P=0.042)in the control group.The knowledge rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The score of the patients in the observation group in 5 aspects of fall management satisfaction was higher than that of the control group(t=12.63,10.23,8.06,6.61,8.54,P=0.00).Three patients in the control group fell off the bed,while none in the observation group(P>0.05).Conclusion Mind map is used in the management of fall prevention for inpatients,and the training of fall prevention for nurses and orthopedic patients with high-risk falls can improve the accuracy of fall assessment for nurses and the mastery of knowledge of fall prevention for patients,as well as the satisfaction of patients.