氧化剂在刺槐豆胶浮选分离方铅矿和闪锌矿中的作用及机理

Role and mechanism of oxidizer in flotation separation of galena and sphalerite using locust bean gum as depressant

通过浮选试验、吸附量测试及X线光电子能谱分析(XPS),研究氧化剂高锰酸钾在刺槐豆胶浮选分离方铅矿和闪锌矿中的作用,考察高锰酸钾强化刺槐豆胶抑制闪锌矿的作用机理。研究结果表明:使用丁黄药为捕收剂时,方铅矿和闪锌矿可浮性均较好,刺槐豆胶对方铅矿和闪锌矿均有较强的抑制作用,二者难以分离。在有氧化剂高锰酸钾存在时,少量刺槐豆胶就能完全抑制闪锌矿的上浮,而对方铅矿的抑制作用较弱,因此联合使用高锰酸钾和刺槐豆胶能够实现方铅矿和闪锌矿的浮选分离。刺槐豆胶主要通过与闪锌矿表面生成的氧化产物发生化学反应而吸附在闪锌矿表面,高锰酸钾的加入使闪锌矿表面生成了更多的氧化产物,显著提高了刺槐豆胶在闪锌矿表面的吸附量,导致其对闪锌矿的抑制效果增强。

The effect of oxidizer KMnO4 on the flotation separation of galena and sphalerite using locust bean gum as depressant was studied and the mechanism that KMnO4 strengthens the depression effect of locust bean gum on sphalerite was discussed through flotation test,adsorption test and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis(XPS).The results show that both galena and sphalerite have good flotability when potassium butyl xanthate is used as collector.Locust bean gum has strong depression effect on galena and sphalerite,and thus the separation of galena and sphalerite is difficult.In the presence of oxidizer KMnO4,a small amount of locust bean gum can depress sphalerite completely,but has weak depression effect on galena.Therefore,the flotation separation of galena and sphalerite can be achieved by using KMnO4 and locust bean gum together.The locust bean gum adsorbes on sphalerite surface mainly through chemical reaction with the oxidized products generated on sphalerite surface.The addition of KMnO4 results in more oxidized products on sphalerite surface,which significantly increases the adsorption amount of locust bean gum and results in its enhanced inhibitory effect on sphalerite.