巨疖蝙蛾幼虫的营养成分分析

Analysis and Evaluation of Nutrient Components in Wild and Cultured Endoclita davidi Larvae

巨疖蝙蛾Endoclita davidi(Poujade,1886)是新近发现的中药材雪峰虫草Ophiocordyceps xuefengensis的重要寄主昆虫。采用国家标准检测方法,定性和定量分析了野生和人工饲养巨疖蝙蛾幼虫的营养成分。结果表明:野生巨疖蝙蛾幼虫的含水量和脂肪质量分数分别为61.37%和39.4%,均低于人工饲养幼虫(分别为64.96%和50.7%);而蛋白质和灰分质量分数分别为48.7%和3.4%,高于人工饲养幼虫(分别为34.9%和2.4%);野生幼虫的总氨基酸质量分数和不饱和脂肪酸占总油脂的质量分数分别为41.01%和72.60%,均高于人工饲养幼虫(分别为30.5%和69.02%)。结果显示,野生和人工饲养的巨疖蝙蛾幼虫均含有较高的营养成分,以及较多的抗疲劳和提高运动能力的功效成分,这些为雪峰虫草的开发利用提供了依据。

Endoclita davidi(Poujade,1886) is an important host insect of Ophiocordyceps xuefengensis sp. nov., which has been used as a valuable Chinese medicine. Through the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the nutrient components of E. davidi larvae, in this work, the composition and content of water, ash, protein, fat, amino acid and fatty acid were determined by national standard methodology. Our results show that the content of water and fat of natural larvae of E. davidi was 61.37% and 39.4%, respectively, lower than that of breeding larvae(64.96% and 50.7%, respectively). The content of protein and ash was 48.7% and 3.4%, respectively, higher than that of breeding larvae(34.9% and 2.4%, respectively). The content of total amino acids and unsaturated fatty acids in the natural larva was 41.01% and 72.60%, respectively, also higher than that of the breeding larvae(30.5% and 69.02%, respectively). Based on the results, we conclude that both natural and breeding larvae of E. davidi should have high nutritional contents. This result suggested that both type larvae of E. davidi contain many functional components that can resist fatigue and improve exercise abilities, which provide the basis for the development and utilization of xuefeng caterpillar fungus.