灾害脆弱性分析在消毒供应中心风险评估中的运用与管理

Application and Management of Disaster Vulnerability Analysis in Risk Assessment of Disinfection Supply Center

目的探讨灾害脆弱性分析在消毒供应中心风险评估中的运用与管理。方法以本院消毒供应中心为研究对象,应用自身对照的方法,以2015年1月-12月未实施风险预防改进前的风险评估结果为对照组,以2016年1月-2018年12月实施风险预防改进后的风险评估结果为实验组,通过灾害脆弱性分析对本院消毒供应中心各种潜在的危害进行识别,每年应用灾害脆弱性分析对排在前五位的风险项目重新进行评估,制定及实施相应的应对防范措施。结果实施前,消毒供应中心灾害脆弱性评估结果显示,排序前五位的风险事件为环氧乙烷气体泄漏、医务人员职业暴露、生物监测阳性、大型医疗和急救设备故障、停电;实施后一年,灾害脆弱性评估结果显示,排序前五位的风险事件为医务人员职业暴露、环氧乙烷气体泄漏、大型医疗和急救设备故障、生物监测阳性、停电;与实施前对比,实施后环氧乙烷气体泄漏、大型医疗和急救设备故障、医务人员职业暴露、停电、生物监测阳性的RISK值均显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05),且在后续连续两年的灾害脆弱性分析均显示该五个项目的风险值持续下降,尤其是实施前排在第一位的环氧乙烷气体泄漏和第二位的医务人员职业暴露,经持续干预3年后风险值下降显著。结论灾害脆弱性分析应用于消毒供应中心管理可有效降低风险事件发生的风险值,提高了消毒供应中心工作人员对潜在风险的认知和防范能力,进而提高消毒供应中心的管理质量及管理水平。

Objective To discuss the application and management of disaster vulnerability analysis in risk assessment of disinfection supply center. Methods Taking the disinfection supply center of the hospital as the research object, using the method of self-control, taking the control group before the improvement of risk prevention from January 2015 to December 2015 and the improvement of risk prevention from January 2016 to December 2018 as the experimental group, the potential hazards of disinfection supply center in the hospital were identified by disaster vulnerability analysis. Every year, disaster vulnerability analysis is used to reevaluate the top five risk items, and the corresponding countermeasures are formulated and implemented. Results Before implementation, the results of disaster vulnerability assessment in disinfection supply center showed that the top five risk events were ethylene oxide gas leakage, occupational exposure of medical staff, positive biological monitoring, failure of large medical and first aid equipment, and power outage. One year after implementation, the results of disaster vulnerability assessment showed that the top five risk events were occupational exposure of medical staff, ethylene oxide gas leakage, large medical and first aid equipment failures, biological monitoring positive, power outages;compared with preimplementation, ethylene oxide gas leakage after implementation, large medical and first aid equipment failures, occupational exposure of medical personnel, power outages, biological monitoring positive RISK values were significantly decreased, the differences were statistically significant(P < 0.05), and the risk values of the five projects continued to decrease after two consecutive years of disaster vulnerability analysis, especially the ethylene oxide gas leakage in the first place and the occupational exposure of the second medical staff, and the risk value decreased significantly after 3 years of continuous intervention. Conclusion Disaster vulnerability analysis is applied to the management of disinfection supply center, which can effectively reduce the risk value of risk event occurrence, improve the awareness and prevention ability of personnel of disinfection supply center for potential risks, and improve the management quality and management level of disinfection supply center.