四种多元醇增塑剂对淀粉-壳聚糖复合膜的性能研究

Properties of Starch-Chitosan Composite Films by Four Polyols as Plasticizers

目的探究多元醇作为增速剂对淀粉-壳聚糖薄膜材料性能的影响,评估4种多元醇的增塑效果,并选出最优。方法将4种不同的多元醇作为增塑剂,通过流延法制备壳聚糖-淀粉薄膜,分析增塑剂含量对材料力学性能的影响,并通过扫描电镜、傅里叶红外、X-射线衍射、静态接触角对复合膜的结构和性能进行表征。结果将单一多元醇作为增塑剂加入淀粉-壳聚糖溶液,当添加质量分数为15%的甘露醇时,拉伸强度为最大值,为53.39 MPa;当添加质量分数为60%的甘油时,断裂伸长率最大,为45.11%。当甘油质量分数为50%时,综合效果较好,拉伸强度为21.36 MPa,断裂伸长率为35.33%。结论复合膜中淀粉与壳聚糖具有良好的相容性,添加增塑剂有利于改善复合膜的力学性能。多元醇增塑剂处于低浓度或中等浓度范围时,不具有有效的增塑作用。在4种多元醇增塑剂中,甘油的综合效果最好,所制备的膜具有较优的综合性能。

The work aims to investigate the effect of polyols as plasticizers on the properties of starch-chitosan films,evaluate the plasticizing effect of four polyols and select the best one.Four kinds of polyols were used as plasticizers to prepare chitosan-starch films by tape casting.The influence of plasticizer content on the mechanical properties of the materials was analyzed.The structure and properties of the composite films were characterized by SEM,FTIR,X-ray Diffraction and static contact angle.Polyols were added to starch-chitosan solution as a single plasticizer.The maximum value of TS was 53.39 MPa when 15%mannitol was added,and the maximum value of EB was 45.11%when 60%glycerol was added.When the glycerol content was 50%,the comprehensive effect was better with TS value of 21.36 mpa and EB value of 35.33%.The starch and chitosan have good compatibility in the composite membrane.The addition of plasticizer is beneficial to promoting the plasticization of starch and improving the mechanical properties of the composite film.For the plasticizer in the low or medium concentration range,there is not effective plasticizing effect.Glycerol has the better effect among the four kinds of polyol plasticizers.