枣园不同间作种植方式对土壤酶活性的影响

Effects of Different Intercropping Methods on Soil Enzyme Activities in Jujube Orchards

【目的】研究枣园不同间作种植方式中土壤酶的动态变化,以及水分胁迫对间作复合系统土壤酶活性的影响。【方法】采用两因素裂区试验设计,主区设置两种间作种植方式:红枣间作棉花、红枣间作苜蓿;副区设置四个水分梯度:W1:水量为3750 m^3/hm^ 2(中度水分胁迫);W2:水量为4500 m^3/hm^ 2(轻度水分胁迫);W3:水量为5250 m^3/hm^ 2(适宜水分);W4:水量为6000 m^3/hm^ 2(充分供水)。【结果】(1)灌水在4500 m^3/hm^ 2水平下,间作土壤脲酶活性最高;灌水在3750 m^3/hm^ 2水平下,间作土壤蔗糖酶、多酚氧化酶、过氧化氢酶活性最高。(2)与单作相比,间作能显著提高土壤酶活性,红枣间作棉花的土壤酶活性整体低于红枣间作苜蓿,红枣间作苜蓿能有效提高土壤酶活性。【结论】灌水量在3750 m^3/hm^ 2水平下,枣园间作苜蓿能有效提高土壤酶活性。

【Objective】To investigate the dynamic changes of soil enzymes in different intercropping methods in jujube gardens and the effects of water stress on soil enzyme activities in intercropping system.【Method】Two-factor split-zone test design was adopted and two intercropping planting methods were set up in the main area:jujube intercropping cotton and jujube intercropping alfalfa;four water gradients were set in the sub-area:W1:water volume of 3,750 m^3/hm^ 2(moderate water stress);W2:water volume of 4,500 m^3/hm^ 2(mild water stress);W3:water volume of 5,250 m^3/hm^ 2(suitable water);W4:water volume of 6,000 m^3/hm^ 2(sufficient water supply).【Results】The results showed that:(1)Under the W2 level,the soil urease activity was the highest.Under the W1 level,the soil sucrase,polyphenol oxidase and catalase activities were the highest.(2)Compared with single cropping,intercropping can significantly increase soil enzyme activity.The soil enzyme activity of intercropping cotton is lower than that of jujube intercropping alfalfa,and jalfalfa intercropping can effectively increase soil enzyme activity.【Conclusion】Under the level of W1(3,750 m^3/hm^ 2),the intercropping of alfalfa can effectively increase soil enzyme activity.