苦瓜全粉和苦瓜乙醇提取物健康功效的体外评估

In Vitro Evaluation of the Healthy Benefits of Bitter Melon Powder and Bitter Melon Ethanol Extract

本研究的目的是运用体外模型评估苦瓜全粉和苦瓜乙醇提取物的健康功效。苦瓜全粉和苦瓜乙醇提取物以7.5 mg/mL和15 mg/mL的剂量与新鲜粪便样品进行体外厌氧培养。通过454焦磷酸测序技术分析粪便菌群组成的变化,同时测定发酵上清中短链脂肪酸的含量以及对Caco-2单层细胞跨膜电阻的影响。结果显示,苦瓜全粉(15 mg/mL)可以明显地扶植Faecalibacterium属细菌,同时抑制Bilophila和Desulfovibrio属细菌的增殖;同等剂量的苦瓜全粉发酵上清中短链脂肪酸的含量明显高于苦瓜乙醇提取物发酵上清;源自苦瓜乙醇提取物(15 mg/mL)的发酵上清对Caco-2单层细胞跨膜电阻的增强作用要大于苦瓜全粉(15 mg/mL)。本研究探究了体外苦瓜全粉和苦瓜乙醇提取物不同的生理功效,为以后苦瓜制品的选择提供了初步证据。

Aim of this study is evaluating the health effects of bitter melon powder(BMP)and bitter melon ethanol extract(BME)with in vitro models,BMP and BME in concentrations of 7.5 mg/mL and 15 mg/mL cocultivated with fresh fecal samples in anaerobic conditions.Structural changes of fecal microbiota were examined by 454 pyrosequencing technology.Short chain fatty acids(SCFAs)in fermentation supernatant and the effect of fermentation supernatant on Caco-2 monolayer trans-epithelial electrical resistance(TEER)were determined.Results showed that BMP(15 mg/mL)could clearly support the proliferation of Faecalibacterium and inhibit that of Bilophila and Desulfovibrio;Contents of SCFAs in BMP fermentation supernatant were evidently higher than that in BME fermentation supernatant with the same dose;Supernatant from BME(15 mg/mL)fermentation had a significantly greater impact on the Caco-2 monolayer TEER than BMP(15 mg/mL).This study explored the different physiological effects of BMP and BME in vitro and provided a preliminary evidence for selecting suitable bitter melon products in future.