多不饱和脂肪酸与疾病发生风险的孟德尔随机化研究进展

Progress on the Mendelian randomization studies of polyunsaturated fatty acids and diseases

采用观察性流行病学方法研究多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)与疾病发生风险的关系存在一定局限性。以遗传变异为工具变量的孟德尔随机化(MR)研究能有效避免观察性流行病学研究中混杂因素和反向因果关联等引起的偏倚,近年来被广泛应用于病因学研究。随着PUFAs全基因组关联研究的进展、MR研究设计以及相关统计方法的完善,不少研究采用MR研究探讨了PUFAs与恶性肿瘤、自身免疫性疾病等的发生风险。本文对国内外文献报道的PUFAs与疾病发生风险的MR研究现状进行综述,并探讨MR研究的优缺点,为进一步了解PUFAs对人类健康和疾病的影响提供依据。

There are limitations in observational epidemiological studies when exploring the relationships between polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs)and risk of diseases.Recent years have seen Mendelian randomization(MR)being widely employed in etiology research,since it can avoid bias caused by confounding factors and reverse causality in observational epidemiological studies.With the development of PUFAs related genome-wide association studies,MR study design and statistical methods,MR studies have been conducted to investigate the relationships of PUFAs and risk of diseases including cancer and autoimmune disease.We systematically reviewed the published literature of MR studies on the association between PUFAs and risk of diseases,so as to discuss the underlying advantages and disadvantages of MR studies and to provide clues for further understanding the role of PUFAs in health and disease.