饮食运动指导在孕前超重肥胖孕妇调节孕期体重增长、预防妊娠期糖尿病中的作用

Function of Diet and Exercise Guidance on Regulating Weight Gain and Preventing Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Overweight and Obese Pregnant Women Before Pregnancy

目的:评价饮食运动指导在孕前超重肥胖孕妇调节孕期体重增长、预防妊娠期糖尿病中的作用。方法:选取2015年4月~2017年2月某院门诊接诊的孕前超重肥胖孕妇100例,随机数表法分为对照组和干预组,每组50例,分别采取常规护理以及常规护理结合合理饮食运动指导干预,比较两组孕妇体重增长、妊娠期糖尿病发生率、新生儿体重以及妊娠不良结局发生率等。结果:干预组体重增长显著低于对照组,差别有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预组妊娠期糖尿病发生率显著低于对照组,差别有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预组新生儿体重及巨大儿发生率显著低于对照组,差别有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预组妊娠不良结局发生率显著低于对照组,差别有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:对孕前超重肥胖孕妇,采用饮食运动指导,有助于调节孕期体重增长,预防妊娠期糖尿病,提升顺产率以及降低新生儿体重,值得在临床工作中进一步推广。

Objective:To evaluate the function of diet and exercise guidance on regulating weight gain and preventing gestational diabetes mellitus in overweight and obese pregnant women before pregnancy.Methods:100cases of overweight and obese pregnant women in outpatient from April 2015to February 2017were selected and divided into control group and intervention group by random number table method,50cases in each group.Routine nursing and routine nursing plus diet and exercise were used to guide intervention.Weight gain,gestational diabetes,neonatal weight and adverse pregnancy outcomes were compared between the two groups.Results:Weight gain in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the control group,with statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The incidence of gestational diabetes in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).The neonatal weight and incidence of fetal macrosomia in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes in the intervention group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:For overweight and obese pregnant women before pregnancy,dietary and exercise guidance can help regulate weight growth during pregnancy,prevent gestational diabetes,improve birth rate and reduce neonatal weight.It is worthy of further promotion in clinical work.