护士组织支持感和抗逆力对职业生涯状况影响的路径分析

Pathway analysis of perceived organizational support and resilience on career status in nurses

目的探讨护士组织支持感和抗逆力对职业生涯状况影响的路径关系,为促进护士职业生涯状况的发展提供依据。方法采用一般资料问卷、护士组织支持感问卷、医护人员抗逆力评价量表、职业生涯状况评价量表,对陕西省9所三级甲等医院的2 322名临床护士进行横断面调查,分析数据并构建结构方程模型。结果护士组织支持感总分为(54.44±14.12)分,抗逆力总分为(73.75±10.51)分,职业生涯状况总分为(86.39±15.37)分;护士组织支持感、抗逆力与职业生涯状况得分均呈正相关(r1=0.772,P1<0.01;r2=0.635,P2<0.01)。结构方程模型表明,护士组织支持感和抗逆力对职业生涯状况均有直接正效应(λ1=0.503,P1<0.01;λ2=0.494,P2<0.01),抗逆力对组织支持感有直接正效应(λ=0.702,P<0.01),抗逆力通过组织支持感对职业生涯状况有间接的正效应(λ=0.353,P<0.01)。结论护士组织支持感得分处于中等水平,抗逆力得分处于中等偏高水平,职业生涯状况处于中等水平。组织支持感和抗逆力可直接正向影响职业生涯状况,护士组织支持感在抗逆力对职业生涯状况的影响中起到了部分中介作用,医院管理者可通过加强对护士的关注与支持,提高护士抗逆力水平,以促进护士职业生涯状况的发展。

Objective To explore the relationship between perceived organizational support and resilience of nurses on career status,so as to provide reference to promote nurses’ career development.Methods Through cross-sectional survey to investigate 2 322 nurses of 9 3 A-level hospitals in Shaanxi Province,using the general information questionnaire,Perceived Organizational Support Questionnaire,Resilience Scale for Medical Staff and the Career Status Scale.The data analysis were performed and the structural equation model was built.Results The total score of the perceived organizational support was(54.44±14.12),nurses’ resilience score was(73.75±10.51) and the career status score was(86.39±15.37).The scores of nurses’ perceived organizational support and resilience were closely and positively correlated with their career status(r1=0.772,P1<0.01;r2=0.635,P2<0.01).Structural equation model indicated that perceived organizational support and resilience had direct positive effect on career status(λ1=0.503,P1<0.01;λ2=0.494,P2<0.01),the resilience had direct positive effect on perceived organizational support(λ=0.702,P<0.01),the resilience had indirect positive effects on career status through perceived organizational support(λ=0.353,P<0.01).Conclusion The scores of perceived organizational support and career status are in middle level,the score of resilience is in mid-high level.The sense of perceived organizational support and resilience can directly and positively affect nurses’ career status.The perceived organizational support of nurses playes a part of mediating role in influencing of resilience on career status.Hospital managers should enhance nurses’ resilience level by strengthening their attention and support to nurses,so as to promote nurses’ career development.