基于服务需求的医师队伍布局合理性分析

Analysis of rationality of physician team layout based on service demand

目的:进一步分析国内医师队伍的结构和分布,推进建立一支数量足够、结构优化、分布合理的医师队伍。方法:通过卫生统计年鉴采集历年医师规模、结构以及各专业医疗服务需求数据,通过对比进行合理性分析。结果:2005-2015年,医师数量由204.2万人发展到303.9万人,年均增加9.06万人,年均增长率4.1%。“十二五”期间,医师数量年均增加11.5万人,年均增长率5.4%。2016年,各专业医师日均工作量差异明显,儿科医师日均工作负荷最高(63.8人次),精神科医师日均工作负荷最低(25.1人次)。“十二五”期间,内科、外科、妇产、儿科专业每万人口医师数年均增长率均低于诊疗服务量年均增长率,精神科医师诊疗服务量年均增长率(11.7%)高于其他4个专业,但其每万人口医师数年均增长率(-2.7%)却最低,呈现负增长状态。“十二五”期间,城乡每千人口医师差值由2005年的1.2拉大到2010年的1.65、2015年的2.22。结论:改善医师的职称和专业结构,优化医师的城乡和地区分布。

Objective: To further analyze the structure and distribution of domestic physician teams, and promote the establishment of a sufficient number of physician teams with optimized structure and reasonable distribution. Methods: Collected the data of doctor size, structure and medical service demand of each specialty through the health statistical yearbook, and analyzed the rationality through comparison. Results: From 2005 to 2015, the number of physicians increased from 2.042 million to 3.039 million, with an average annual increase of 90,600, and an average annual growth rate of 4.1%. During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, the number of physicians will increase by 115,000 annually, with an average annual growth rate of 5.4%. In 2016, the average daily workload of physicians in each specialty was significantly different. The average daily workload of pediatricians was 63.8, and the average daily workload of psychiatrists was lowest. During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, the average annual growth rate of physicians per 10,000 population in internal medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, and pediatrics was lower than the average annual growth rate of the amount of diagnosis and treatment services. Higher than the other four majors, but the average annual growth rate (-2.7%) per 10,000 population of physicians is the lowest, showing a negative growth. During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, the difference between physicians per 1,000 population in urban and rural areas increased from 1.2 in 2005 to 1.65 in 2010 and 2.22 in 2015. Conclusion: Improve the title and professional structure of doctors, and optimize the distribution of doctors in urban and rural areas and regions.