环境信息公开有助于我国的污染防治攻坚战吗？

Does Environmental Information Disclosure Contribute to the Uphill Battle for Prevention and Control of Pollution in China ?

环境信息公开作为信息化时代环境治理的新型武器,对我国这样一个具有特殊财政体制和政治激励模式的发展中国家而言,其在污染防治攻坚战中的效果有待深入探究。本文基于城市污染源监管信息公开指数(PITI),以2008—2016年120个城市数据为样本,采用动态面板数据模型和系统GMM估计方法,实证检验了环境信息公开的污染减排效应,并重点分析了不同城市区位和城市规模下存在的异质性效应。结果表明:环境信息公开有助于污染防治,改善环境质量,还能有效缓解财政分权引致的环境污染问题。环境信息公开对污染排放的抑制作用呈现“马太效应”,对东、中、西部地区和大、中、小城市的影响均依次递减。对东、中部地区和大、中型城市,其治污效应较显著,而在西部地区和小城市尚不见效。积极推动全面环境信息公开,构建环境多元共治的长效机制,是决胜污染防治攻坚战的关键所在。

Environmental information disclosure,as a new weapon of environmental governance in the information age,has been widely used in developed countries and achieved great effects.As a developing country with special financial system and political incentive model,environmental information disclosure is playing an important role in the battle of pollution prevention and control in China.Based on the PITI index of 120 cities from 2008 to 2016,by using dynamic panel data model and sys-GMM method,this paper empirically examines the effect of fiscal decentralization and environmental information disclosure on pollution reduction,and lays special stress on analysis the heterogeneity in different urban locations and scales.It is found that environmental information disclosure has contribution to pollution reduction,which can inhibit the environmental pollution caused by fiscal decentralization.The effect of environmental information disclosure on pollution reduction and inhibition is significant but limited in the eastern and central regions and large and medium-sized cities,and this effect decreases in turn in the western regions and small cities.Therefore,actively promoting the construction and investment of environmental information disclosure,and building a long-term mechanism of environmental pluralism and co-governance,are the key for winning the battle of pollution prevention and control.