髓样细胞触发受体家族与牙周炎病因机制的研究进展

Recent Advances of Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells and Its Relationship with Pathogenesis of Periodontitis

牙周炎是由多种微生物与宿主免疫反应引起的慢性炎症性疾病,主要累及牙龈、牙周膜、牙槽骨等牙周支持组织。髓样细胞触发受体(triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells, TREMs)是近年发现的一类细胞膜受体家族,其中髓样细胞触发受体-1(triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells-1,TREM-1)主要表达于单核/巨噬细胞、中性粒细胞和树突细胞等骨髓分化细胞表面,也在血管平滑肌、上皮细胞中有表达。TREM-1、可溶性髓系细胞触发受体-1(soluble triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells-1,sTREM-1)表达可被牙龈卟啉单胞菌等牙周病致病菌正向调控。髓样细胞触发受体-2(triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells-2,TREM-2)在破骨细胞形成过程中起重要作用,可能与牙周炎导致的牙槽骨吸收有关。本文讨论了牙周炎病因机制的研究进展,以及TREMs家族在其中发挥的作用。

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by a variety of microbial and host immune reactions,which mainly involves periodontal supporting tissues such as gingival,periodontal ligament and alveolar bone.Myeloid cells trigger receptor family(triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells,TREMs)is a type of the cell membrane receptor family found in recent years.TREM-1 is mainly expressed on the surface of bone marrow-differentiated cells such as monocytes/macrophages,neutrophils and dendritic cells,also expressed in vascular smooth muscle and epithelial cells.Expression of TREM-1 and sTREM-1(soluble triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells-1)can be positively regulated by periodontal pathogens such as Porphyromonas gingivalis.TREM-2 plays an important role in the formation of osteoclasts and may be associated with alveolar bone resorption caused by periodontitis.This review discusses the advances in the etiology of periodontitis and the role of TREMs family may in the pathogenesis of periodontitis.