高固含量磺酸型水性聚氨酯的制备与性能

Preparation and Performance of High Solid Content Sulfonic Waterborne Polyurethane

以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、聚(1,6-己二醇/新戊二醇-己二酸)(PHNA)、1,4-丁二醇(BDO)、乙二胺基乙磺酸钠(AAS)的水溶液(50%)为主要原料,三乙胺(TEA)为中和剂,利用2种乳化方法和不同的AAS用量制备了一系列的磺酸型水性聚氨酯乳液,并对乳液和胶膜的性能进行了测试。结果表明,与直接法相比,乳液分散法可以得到更高固含量的乳液;当AAS含量为2.2%时,乳液固含量能达到60%以上;乳液的透射电镜图像表明,乳液分散法可以对乳液粒径进行良好的设计与控制;乳液分散法引入了具有更小粒径和更多硬段的粒子,物理交联点增加,胶膜变得更致密;AAS含量为2.2%时,乳液分散法得到的胶膜吸水率为33.71%,拉伸强度为9.90 MPa,断裂伸长率为1262%,与直接法相比,胶膜吸水率降低66.24%,拉伸强度提高0.61 MPa,断裂伸长率降低110%。

Sulfonic waterborne polyurethane with high solid content were prepared by two kinds of emulsification with isophorone diisocyanate(IPDI),poly(1,6-hexanediol/neopentyl glycol-adipic acid)(PHNA),1,4-butanediol(BDO),aqueous solution of sodium ethylenediamineethanesulfonate(AAS)(50%)was used as main raw material and triethylamine(TEA)was used as neutralizer.The results show that the emulsion dispersion method can obtain a higher solid content emulsion than the direct method.When the AAS content is 2.2%,the solid content of emulsion can reach more than 60%.The transmission electron microscope image of the emulsion shows that the emulsion dispersion method can well design and control the particle size of the emulsion.Particles with smaller particle size and more hard segments can be introduced by the emulsion dispersion method,the physical crosslinking points are increased and the film becomes denser.When the content of AAS is 2.2%,the water absorption rate of the adhesive film obtained by the emulsion dispersion method is 33.71%,the tensile strength is 9.90 MPa,and the elongation at break is 1262%.Compared with the direct method,the water absorption rate of the film is decreased by 66.24%,the tensile strength is increased by 0.61 MPa,and the elongation at break is reduced by 110%.