清末至民国时期的武功山沈家药场与“萍术”道地药材种植的兴衰

On Rise and Fall of Herbs Plantation of Shen Family in Wugong Mountain and Planting of AMK from Late Qing Dynasty to Republic of China

历史上江西的野生白术品质未获广泛认可,而声誉良好的浙西、皖南野生白术资源在清末民初之际又逐渐枯竭。在此背景之下,江西武功山沈家药场经营的萍乡种植白术顺势而起,被江浙沪各大药店视为可替代"正号于潜白术"的"隽品",一举提振了江西白术的声誉。武功山萍乡白术种植业的兴起及其道地药材地位的确立与其引入良种,利用武功山多高山深谷的环境,坚持长时间放荒的栽培方法及其背后所体现的"药人精神"密不可分。

Historically, the quality of wild AMK(Atractylodes Macrocephala Koidz) in Jiangxi was not widely recognized, while the resources of wild AMK in western Zhejiang and southern Anhui, enjoying a good reputation, gradually dried up during the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China. However, Pingxiang’s AMK, run by the herbs plantation of Shen family in Wugong mountain, sprung up and promoted the fame of Jiangxi’s AMK as drugstores in Jiangsu, Zhejiang,and Shanghai took it as a replacement of Yuqian AMK. The rise of AMK cultivation in Pingxiang of Wugong Mountain and the establishment of its status as a genuine medicinal material were closely linked to the introduction of improved varieties,the use of the mountainous and ravine environment, the persistence of methods for long-term cultivation and the "herb-planter’s spirit" embodied behind them.