伯罗奔尼撒战争中阿提卡地区农业的破坏及其影响

On Agricultural Devastation in Attica and Its Effects During the Peloponnesian War

农业与战争是古希腊世界中最重要的两项活动,战时的农业破坏将这两方面直接联系起来。古希腊战争中破坏农业是一项重要的战争策略,但实际效果存在一定争议。阿基达马斯战争中斯巴达方面对阿提卡农业的破坏相当有限。随着战争进行,新的战术对阿提卡地区农业生产的影响很大,但并非农业灾难。伯罗奔尼撒战争对阿提卡地区农业的影响不只限于耕作和生产,它对雅典公民团结、城邦政治、公民社会身份和雅典民众心理都有不同程度的影响。本文探究古代战争对农业的影响,为我们进一步理解古希腊的农业与战争、战争与社会提供了一个视角。

Agriculture and wars were two most important activities in ancient Greece, and the destruction of agriculture during wartime directly linked the two aspects. Agriculture devastation during wartime was an important strategy in ancient Greece, but how effective it was remains a matter of debate. The invasions on Attica during the war did no widespread or lasting damage to the agriculture of Attica. As the war progressed, the new tactics had a great impact on agricultural production in Attica, but it was not an agricultural disaster. The impact of the Peloponnesian War on the agricultural industry in Attica, not limited to farming and production, assumed different degrees in Athenian citizen unity, city-state politics, civil society identity and Athenian people’s psychology. Exploring the influence of ancient war on agriculture provides a perspective to enhance the understanding of the relationship between warfare and agriculture, war and society in ancient Greece.