基于Price-Mueller模型的护士离职影响因素研究

Study on influencing factors of nurses’ turnover based on Price-Mueller model

[目的]利用Price-Mueller(2000)模型,通过了解、分析护士离职倾向的影响因素,提出加强护理队伍建设的改进措施及建议。[方法]依据Price-Mueller(2000)模型的基本理论,结合工作实际,建立护士离职倾向影响因素模型。选择942名护士采用问卷调查法验证护士离职倾向影响因素。[结果]构建的护士离职倾向影响因素模型信效度良好。临床护士调查结果显示,外部机会、工作压力、领导支持、薪酬待遇对护士离职倾向有显著影响,护士的受聘形式、职称、月收入、所在科室、职务、每周夜班频次以及身体状况对护士的离职倾向有影响。[结论]应重视护士职业规划,提供个人和专业发展机会;完善绩效考核机制,提高护士福利待遇;强化人文关怀,保障护士的身心健康。

Objective:To analyze influencing factors of nurses′turnover intention by using Price-Mueller(2000)model,thus to propose improvement measures and suggestions for strengthening the nurse team.Methods:According to the basical theory of Price-Mueller(2000)model and actual work experience,model of influencing factors of nurses′turnover intention was established.A total of 942 nurses were interviewed by taking questionnaires,which could verify influencing factors of nurses′turnover intention.Results:Reliability and validity of model of influencing factors of nurse turnover intention were pretty good.Survey on clinical nurse showed that external opportunity,occupational pressure,leadership support,and compensation all had significant effects on nurses′turnover intentions.Employment form,title,monthly income,working department,position,frequency of night shifts and physical condition of nurses had influences on nurses′turnover tendency.Conclusions:Career planning for nurses should be stressed,so as to provide personal and professional development opportunities.Completation of performance evaluation mechanism,improvement of nurses′welfare,strengthening of humane care for nurse and protection of physical and mental health of nurses should attract people′s attentation.