民间借贷纠纷举证责任分配问题探究

Probe into the Distribution of Burden of Proof in Non-governmental Loan Disputes

随着社会主义市场经济的不断发展,民间借贷纠纷日益增多,通过双方当事人举证以查明事实是该类纠纷解决的关键。由于现有法律法规对民间借贷纠纷案件的举证责任分配存在多重规定,不同的法官因主观认识上的差异而适用不同的举证责任分配方式,导致同类案件往往产生不同的裁判结果,妨碍了司法正义的彰显。明晰民间借贷法律关系的要件事实,梳理法律规范的适用层次,考量特殊情形下的证明责任缓和,对于切实保护合法债权,打击非法借贷,更大程度地维护双方当事人之间的公平正义具有积极意义。

With the continuous development of socialist market economy,private lending disputes are increasing. The key to solve such disputes is to find out the facts through the proof of both parties. Because the existing laws and regulations have multiple provisions on the allocation of burden of proof in cases of non-governmental loan disputes,different judges apply different allocation methods of burden of proof because of the differences in subjective understanding,which leads to different judgment results in similar cases and hinders the manifestation of judicial justice. It is of positive significance to clarify the essential facts of the legal relationship of private lending,to sort out the applicable levels of legal norms and to consider the mitigation of the burden of proof under special circumstances for the effective protection of legitimate creditor’s rights,to crack down on illegal lending and to safeguard fairness and justice between the parties to a greater extent.