亨廷顿舞蹈病相关睡眠障碍特征1例报告及文献复习

Characteristics of Sleep Disorders Related to Huntington’s Disease:A Case Report and Literature Review

目的探讨伴有睡眠障碍的亨廷顿舞蹈病(Huntington’s disease,HD)患者的多导睡眠图(Polysomnography,PSG)特点,以提高临床医生对HD患者睡眠障碍的关注度。方法分析1例HD患者的多导睡眠图,并检索相关文献。结果该患者两次多导睡眠图均可见睡眠片段化,夜间觉醒次数明显增多,从睡眠结构上看,该患者1期睡眠(N1期)比例增加,而深睡眠期(N3期)和快速眼球运动(rapid eye movement,REM)睡眠期(R期)比例明显减少,两次睡眠监测中并未记录到REM睡眠期行为异常和肌肉失弛缓现象。结论睡眠障碍对HD患者的症状有影响,是进一步研究潜在干预措施的理想方向。

Objective To explore the characteristics of polysomnography in patients with Huntington’s disease(HD)accompanied by sleep disorders,so as to improve clinicians attention to sleep disorders in HD patients.Methods Analyze the polysomnography of one patient with HD,and retrieve related literature.Results The patient’s two polysomnography showed sleep fragmentation and a significant increase in the number of nightly awakenings.From the perspective of sleep structure,the patient’s stage 1 sleep(N1 stage)increased,while the percentage of the deep sleep stage(N3 stage)and rapid eye movement during sleep(R stage)was significantly reduced,and during the two sleep monitoring,abnormal behaviors and muscle dysfunction during REM sleep were not recorded.Conclusion Sleep disorders have an effect on the symptoms of HD patients and are an ideal direction for further research on potential interventions.