基于3DCS的大型结构件尺寸公差分析与优化

Dimensional Tolerance Analysis and Optimization of Large Structural Parts based on 3DCS

针对特种车辆大型结构件装焊过程中存在干涉及间隙过大难题,开展全尺寸链计算及公差分析研究。以传统公差设计为基础,建立了公差分析的数学模型,运用尺寸链方法进行理论分析;同时,基于3DCS软件构建了公差分析的仿真模型,并对大型结构件进行了公差仿真分析。既能满足大型结构件设计性能需求,也提出经济较好的符合现场装配的公差优化改进方案,在满足整体装配质量的前提下,利用中间计算法优化零件尺寸公差,从而提高了零件合格率,达到了预期效果,验证了改进方案较原有公差分配方法具有较大的优越性,能够解决工程实践中企业所面临的实际问题。

Aimed at the problem of interference and too large gap in the assembly and welding of large structural parts of special vehicles,research on the full-size chain calculation and tolerance analysis was carried out.Based on the traditional tolerance design,the mathematical model of tolerance analysis was established,and it was done with theoretical analysis by using size chain.At the same time,based on 3DCS software,the model of tolerance analysis was constructed,and the tolerance analysis of large structures was carried out.It can not only meet the design performance requirements of large structural parts,but also put forward an economical tolerance optimization and improvement plan that met the requirements of the on-site assembly.Under the premise of satisfying the overall assembly quality,an intermediate calculation method was used to optimize the tolerance of the size of the parts,thereby improved the passing rate of the parts and achieved the expected results.It was proved that the improved scheme was superior to the original tolerance allocation method and it can solve the practical problems faced by enterprises in engineering practice.