中国小麦短体线虫种类的分子鉴定及地理分布

Molecular Identification and Geographical Distribution of Pratylenchus Species on Wheat in China

为明确中国小麦短体线虫的种类及地理分布,对采自中国12个省(市、自治区)的42个小麦短体线虫样品进行了基于mtCOI基因的序列比对和种群系统进化分析。结果表明,所有供试短体线虫mtCOI片段长度为412~432 bp;序列比对及系统进化树分析揭示,小麦短体线虫种类主要有咖啡短体线虫(Pratylenchus coffeae)、落选短体线虫(P.neglectus)和斯克里布纳短体线虫(P.scribneri)3种。落选短体线虫是中国麦区的优势种群,在华东、华中和西北地区都有广泛分布;咖啡短体线虫主要分布在华东地区;斯克里布纳短体线虫分布比较广泛,在安徽、河南、山东、江苏、河北、湖北、陕西、新疆等省(市、自治区)都有零星发生;此外,样品中存在单一种群侵染和复合种群侵染,二者分别占总样品数的76.18%和23.82%;落选短体线虫和斯克里布纳短体线虫的复合侵染相对较为普遍,在山东、河南、江苏和陕西等省发生。

In order to clarify the species of Pratylenchus populations on wheat and their geographical distribution,42 samples were collected from wheat fields in 12 provinces of China.The Pratylenchus populations in samples were identified based on the analyses of mtCOI sequences blasting and phylogenetic relationship.Results showed that the size of amplified mtCOI fragments from all populations were ranged from 412 bp to 432 bp.The sequences comparison and phylogenetic analysis both revealed that three Pratylenchus species:P.coffeae,P.neglectus and P.scribneri were presented in these samples.P.neglectus was the dominant species and widely distributed in the eastern,central and northwestern China.P.coffeae mainly distributed in eastern China,while P.scribneri distributed widely and occurred occasionally in Anhui,Henan,Shandong,Jiangsu,Hebei,Hubei,Shaanxi and Xinjiang provinces.The samples account of mono-infection and co-infection by the three Pratylenchus species were 76.18%and 23.82%of the total samples,respectively.The co-infection of P.neglectus and P.scribneri occurred relatively common and widely distributed in Shandong,Henan,Jiangsu and Shaanxi provinces.The results provided the valuable information for the integrated control of nematode diseases in wheat root.