中国特色对外援助70年的基本图景及其优化建议

The Basic Picture of 70 Years of China Aid with Chinese Characteristics and Its Optimization Suggestions

对外援助作为大国外交的重要手段,是一种严肃政治活动,是国家战略性财政支出,有利于构筑共同发展利益,开启双多边国家合作,展现大国担当和大国责任;有利于中国参与全球治理,促进国际经济文化发展与合作,增进人类社会福祉。中国的对外援助经历了起步超常期、理性务实期、平稳拓展期和健康成熟期,形成了具有中国特色的对外援助发展模式、本文通过回顾梳理了中国对外援助的发展历程和实践经验,厘清了中国特色对外援助发展模式的基本逻辑,概括了当前中国对外援助所面临的六种困境,提出了中国特色对外援助发展模式的提升建议,以期为新时代推动“一带一路”建设、构建人类命运共同体提供有力支撑。

As an important means of major-country diplomacy,foreign aid is a serious political activity and a strategic fiscal expenditure of the state.It is conducive to building common development interests,opening up bilateral and multilateral cooperation,demonstrating the responsibility of major countries.It will help China participate in global governance,promoting international economic and cultural development and cooperation,and enhancing human welfare.China's foreign aid has experienced a supernormal period,a rational and pragmatic period,a stable expansion period and a healthy maturity period,forming a developmentmode of foreign aid with Chinese characteristics.By reviewing the development history and practical experience of China's foreign aid,this paper clarifies the basic logic of the development mode of foreign aid with Chinese characteristics,summarizes the six dilemmas that China's foreign aid is facing at present,puts forward suggestion for improving the development mode of foreign aid with Chinese characteristics,so as to provide strong support for promoting the construction of the Belt and Road in the new era and building a community with a shared future for mankind.