掘锚机采掘头镐齿布置方式优化设计

Optimum Design of the Pick Arrangement on the Cutting Head of Bolter Miner

为研究掘锚机采掘头最佳布齿方式,基于单镐齿和采掘头的切削机制,建立了4种采掘头破岩载荷分析模型,进行采掘头破岩过程的仿真模拟,得出了采掘头在转速和布齿方式双变量条件下对切削性能的影响规律。结果表明:相同运动参数,采掘头波动性大小关系为:顺序式>混合Ⅰ式>棋盘式>混合Ⅱ式,周向镐齿布置均匀可以减小采掘头波动性;采掘头的扭矩关系为:棋盘式>顺序式>混合Ⅰ式>混合Ⅱ式,在滚筒转速20~40r/min时,采掘头的扭矩随切削转速的增大而近似呈线性减小,滚筒转速从40r/min增加到50r/min的过程中,采掘头切削扭矩相对平稳;当棋盘式采掘头破岩时,比能耗处于较高水平,破岩效率最低,顺序式和混合Ⅰ式采掘头破岩比能耗相差不超过5.5%。研究结果应用于我国第一台护盾式掘锚机,经神东矿试用,证实设备状态良好,破岩效率高。

In order to study the optimal pick arrangement on the cutting head of the bolt miner,based on the cutting mechanism of the single pick tooth and the cutting head,four kinds of rock breaking load analysis models of the cutting heads were established,and the simulation of the rock breaking process of the cutting head was carried out.Then,the influence laws of the cutting head under variable rotation speeds and pick arrangements on the cutting performance were obtained.The results showed that with the same motion parameters,the fluctuation of the cutting heads ordered as sequential type>mixed typeⅠ>checkerboard type>mixed typeⅡ,and the uniformity of the circumferential pick arrangement can reduce the fluctuation of the cutting head.The torque relationship of the cutting heads was checkerboard type>sequential type>mixed typeⅠ>mixed typeⅡ.The torque of the cutting head linearly reduced with the increase of the rotation speed when the rotation speed of the drum was in the range of 20~40 r/min.In the process of drum rotation speed increasing from 40 r/min to 50 r/min,the cutting torque of the cutting head was relatively stable.When the chessboard cutting head was used to break the rock,the specific energy consumption was at a higher level,and the rock breaking efficiency was the poorest.The difference of specific energy consumption between the sequential type and mixed type I did not exceed 5.5%.The research results had been applied to the first shield type bolter miner in China,and its trial results in Shendong mine proved that the equipment was in a good condition and the rock breaking efficiency was high.