儿童性侵害防治:理论基础、基本原则及具体路径

Prevention and Control of Child Sexual Abuse: Theoretical Basis, Basic Principles and Specific Approaches

儿童是家庭的未来,国家的希望,国际社会通过一系列文件使儿童权利以公约形式得以确立,各国儿童法律也纷纷明令禁止虐待儿童,儿童管教不当(包括虐待与疏忽)已不再是私人领域的问题,而属于基本人权的公共议题。在所有虐待儿童的行为中,儿童性侵害因对儿童身心伤害性极大且造成不可预见的长远影响而尤其恶劣,保护儿童远离性侵害,对其零容忍已经成为社会觉醒意识和普遍共识。基于保护儿童身心健康、基本安全以及人格尊严的立场,现阶段有必要通过儿童性侵害的理论研究以及成果转化等方式促进儿童人权保护,以"受害儿童为中心",贯彻"儿童最佳利益"优先保护原则,完善儿童免受性侵害法律保障体系,建立有效预防和处理机制、"跨系统合作"与协调机制等具体措施,倡导关爱和保护儿童人人有责的社会教育,采取事前预防、事后干预形成保护儿童的社会合力。

Children are the hope of the future of the family. Through a series of documents, the international community has established the rights of the child in the form of the convention, and children’s laws in various countries have also explicitly prohibited child abuse. Improper child discipline(abuse and neglect) is no longer a private issue, but a public issue of basic human rights. Among all child abuse behaviors, child sexual abuse is especially bad because of its great physical and mental harm to children and its unforeseeable long-term impact. To protect children from sexual abuse and to have zero tolerance for it has become a social awareness and general consensus. Based on protection of children’s physical and mental health, basic security, and the position of human dignity, at this stage it is necessary to through the study of the theory of the child sexual abuse and achievements transformation way to promote children’s rights protection, in order to "children as the center", implement the principle of "priority to children’s best interests" protection, improve the children from sexual abuse law guarantee system, establish effective prevention and treatment mechanism, "cross-system collaboration" and coordination mechanism concrete measures, such as advocating love and everybody is responsible for protecting children’s social education, to advance prevention, intervention to protect children’s social force.