唐君毅先生与牟宗三先生论天台山家山外之争之比较

A comparison Between TANG Junyi and MOU Zongsan on Their Different Interpretations of the Dispute Between Shanjia School and Shanwai School in Tiantai Buddhist Sect

在对天台山家山外之争的诠解上,唐先生近山外,他指出,真心与妄心皆可成观,性起之“性”在第一义上为性体之“性”,性具之“性”,最初表“本性”,性具与性起不能作为判别圆、别之标准,山外派代表了当时中国佛学发展之一新方向;牟先生立足于山家,他指出,天台观心只能观妄心,性起之“性”指“清净真如心”,性具之“性”有“本质”和“法性”虚实两层含义,圆、别之根据在于性具与性起的不同。山外派造成了天台思想的混乱。

On the interpretation of the dispute between Shanjia and Shanwai in Tiantai school,TANG Junyi tended to the Shanwai.He pointed out that Meditation could start from a delusive heart,and from a pure heart as well.And the“Xing”of Xingqi meant the“nature”of the noumena in the first sense;the“Xing”of Xingju was initially expressed as“original nature”.Xingju and Xingqi could not be used as a criterion for judging the Yuan Jiao and Bie Jiao.Shanwai school actually represented a new direction for the development of Chinese Buddhism at that time;MOU Zongshan adhered to the position of the Shanjia.He pointed out that the meditation of the Tiantai religion only started with the“delusive mind”.And the term“Xing”of Xingqi meant“being clean and true as heart”,and the“Xing”of Xingju had two levels of meanings:essence or principle on one hand,and“dharma”on the other hand.Because Xingju was different from Xingqi,so,Yuan Jiao and Bie Jiao were different.Shanwai did not further develop the philosophical thoughts of the Tiantai sect,but caused the chaos of it.