中国近现代经济治理思想的镜鉴分析

The Characteristics of Chinese Modern Thoughts on Economic Governance and Their Contemporary Implications

近代以来,中国在帝国主义的侵略下被迫打开国门,逐渐沦为半殖民地半封建社会,国内外形势十分严峻。面对这种情况,我国的经济治理思想也以如何提高国家实力,挽救民族于危亡之际为主要内容,这使得这一时代的经济治理思想具有以下特征:第一,以提高国家工业实力,实现本国工业化为主题;第二,重视对旧制度体系的革命和新制度体系的建设,为国家经济的发展提供前提和保障;第三,坚持独立自主和对外开放相结合,大力吸收国外先进科技与文化。在当代,这些思想仍然对我国如何防止经济"脱实向虚",促进国家经济治理体系和治理能力现代化,以及推动对外开放战略继续深入进行有着重要的启示作用。

Following the Opium Wars,China was forced to open its doors by imperialist aggression and gradually became a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society.Having faced these circumstances,China’s economic governance thinking focused on how to improve state strength in order to save the nation.As such,thinking on the economic governance of this era embodied the following characteristics:(1)taking the improvement of national industrial strength and the achievement of domestic industrialization as the theme;(2)attaching importance to the revolution of the old institutional system and the construction of the new institutional system to provide pre-conditions and guarantees for the development of the national economy;and(3)adhering to the absorption of advanced foreign technology and culture to achieve independence and openness.In the contemporary era,these ideas remain significant and beneficial on how to prevent the"deviation from the real economy",promoting the modernization of the national economic governance system and capacity as well as furthering the opening-up strategy in depth.