国外大学校长遴选制度的比较研究

A Comparative Study on the Selection System of University Presidents

英国、加拿大、法国、德国和美国等五国对大学校长遴选机构、方式与范围等都有明确规定,具有鲜明的制度化、法治化特点。各国大学遴选制度虽各具特点,但都由包含多元利益相关者、体现民主协商的遴选机构负责选举,力图保证遴选的公正客观,满足国家及地区的多元目标与特色需求,反映校内外高等教育治理主体权益。各国大学校长遴选制度既反映大学治理的基本规律,又受制于国家及地区高等教育传统与治校理念。既要完善大学校长遴选制度设计,又要发挥个体(包括校长、遴选委员会成员、政府官员)在制度运行中的能动价值。

A comparative study on the selection system of university presidents in the United Kingdom,Canada,France,Germany and the United States reveals selection procedures,selection criteria,and the role of government in the process.The organization,mode and scope of selecting university presidents are stipulated by law,and is characterized by institutionalization and the rule of law.With variations,the university presidents in different countries are selected by committees composed of stakeholders,which embodies democratic consultation to garantee that the selection is fair,objective,meets the multidimensional criteria and pluralistic objectives as well as the needs of national and regional characteristics and fits and reflects the rights and interests of subjects of higher education governance in and out of the universities.The selection of university presidents in various countries not only reflects the basic law of university governance,but also is subject to the traditions and ideas of national and local higher education systems.It is not only necessary to perfect the institutional design of the selection of university presidents,but also to contribute to the active value of individuals(including presidents,selection committee members,government officials)in the operation of the systems.