秦始皇陵兵马俑的创新与功能

Innovation and Function of the Terracotta Warriors in Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum

兵马俑是秦始皇陵陪葬体系的重要组成部分,为军事主题的陪葬内容。兵马俑坑的出现突破了早期陵墓陪葬坑的建筑结构,从体量上扩大了陪葬的规模,拓展了陪葬的内容,使复杂化层次化的陪葬理念得以实现。它的产生与先秦传统及当时的观念交融有关,如人殉观念变化、俑葬的兴起、明器与生器观念的变化等,再加上秦帝国、始皇本人的统治策略,共同促成了兵马俑的形成。

Terracotta Warriors and Horses were an important part of the burial system of Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum and were the buried content of military themes.The appearance of the Terracotta Warriors’Pit broke through the architectural structure of the burial vault of the early mausoleum,expanded the scale of the burial in terms of size,enhanced the content of the burial,and uncovered the complicated and layered concept of burial.Its emergence is related to the blending of the pre-Qin tradition and the current concept of the Qin dynasty,such as the changes of the concept of human sacrifice,the rise of burial figurines,the changes of the concept of tomb figures and practical pieces,and the ruling strategy of the Qin empire and the emperor himself,all of which contributed to the formation of the terracotta warriors.