试论白沙心学的哲学概念——以“心”“自得”“自然”为例

A Study of the Philosophical Concepts of the Baisha School

白沙之学的“心”作为“理”的容纳场所和发用枢纽,发挥功能性作用,成为人德性的根源,并通过与天人境界联系以及强调心的效用,巩固了“心”的哲学地位。“心”地位的提升,导致了对程朱理学的修正,存疑精神与“尊德性”倾向由此而生。“自然”与“心”的结合,使其从命定的外在道德性转向先天的内在道德性,由道家概念转变为儒者境界。

ccording to the Baisha School,xin,known as people’s mind,canaccommodate and enable li,known as rationality,to function and become the origin of ethics.Additionally,through the connection between humans and nature,xin can eliminate the division between heart and mind and emphasize the function of people’s mind,which in turn consolidates the philosophica status of xin.The promotion of xin has led to the revision of Cheng and Zhu’s Neo Confucianism,and a suspicious attitude and tendency to underestimate the influence of books occurred.The combination of xin and nature makes it turn from predestined external morality to innate internal morality,and also from Taoism to Confucianism.