梨果仙人掌籽油化学成分及其抗氧化活性和刺激性的研究

Studies on chemical constituents, antioxidant and irritancy of Opuntia ficus-indica L. seed oil

以梨果仙人掌籽油为研究对象,通过气-质联用技术(GC-MS)分析其化学成分;以1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)、羟自由基、超氧阴离子、总还原力、总抗氧化能力为指标评价其体外抗氧化活性;通过鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜试验和人体重复性开放型涂抹试验评价其刺激性。结果表明,从梨果仙人掌籽油中鉴定出16种质量分数大于0.1%的化合物,占总质量的94.02%。其中质量分数大于1%的有亚油酸(C18∶2)60.42%、十六酸(C16∶0)15.20%、硬脂酸(C18∶0)5.57%、γ-谷甾醇4.34%、亚麻酸(C18∶2)1.89%、油酸(C18∶1)1.48%、顺-7-十六碳烯酸(C16∶1)1.13%。梨果仙人掌籽油具有良好的抗氧化能力,对DPPH自由基、羟自由基、超氧阴离子、总还原力和总抗氧化能力各指标的半数清除率IC50分别为5.11,0.79,3.19,1.12和1.49g/L。鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜试验和人体重复性开放型涂抹试验显示梨果仙人掌籽油无刺激性。

Taking Opuntiaficus-indicaL.seed oil as the research object,its chemical constituents was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).The antioxidant activities in vitro of the Opuntiaficus-indica L.seed oil were evaluated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH),hydroxyl radical,superoxide radical,total reductive capacity and total antioxidant capacity as indicators.Its irritancy was evaluated by hen’s egg test on the chorioallantoic membrane and repeated open application test.The results show that 16 compounds with a mass fraction greater than 0.1%are identified from the Opuntiaficus-indica L.seed oil accounting for 94.02%of the total mass.Among them,the mass fraction more than 1%:linoleic acid(C18∶2)60.42%,hexadecanoic acid(C16∶0)15.20%,stearic acid(C18∶0)5.57%,γ-sitosterol 4.34%,linolenic acid(C18∶2)1.89%,oleic acid(C18∶1)1.48%,and cis-7-hexadecenoic acid(C16∶1)1.13%.The Opuntiaficus-indicaL.seed oil has strong antioxidant activity capacity,the half clearance rate(IC50)of DPPH free radical,hydroxyl free radical,superoxide anion,total reducing power and total antioxidant capacity are 5.11,0.79,3.19,1.12 and 1.49 g/L,respectively.The hen’s egg test on the chorioallantoic membrane and repeated open application test show that Opuntiaficus-indica L.seed oil is non-irritating.