青少年骨性Ⅱ类错■功能矫形疗效的影响因素

Influencing factors of functional orthopedic appliances on skeletal class Ⅱ malocclusion in adolescents

功能矫形是临床上治疗青少年骨性Ⅱ类错[牙合]畸形的重要手段之一。深刻认识影响功能矫形疗效的众多因素可以提高矫治效率,取得良好的矫治效果。本文从患者和矫治器两个方面出发,分析影响骨性Ⅱ类错[牙合]功能矫形疗效的因素,深度解析功能矫治器的治疗机制,以期指导临床治疗。文献复习结果表明:生长发育高峰期是治疗骨性Ⅱ类错畸形患者的最佳时期;对于垂直生长型的患者,推荐使用高位头帽牵引的功能矫治器,防止下颌后下旋转,钛板或种植钉辅助支抗的功能矫治器可以有效减小下前牙唇倾;此外,相较传统功能矫治器,数字化、个性化的透明牙套矫治器不仅更美观、舒适、利于牙周健康,且还有双期融合、更佳的切牙转矩和后牙垂直向控制以及前导的同时解决前牙干扰和横向不足问题等诸多优点。随着数字化正畸的发展,透明矫治器已成为功能矫治器的重要发展方向,但相关研究较少,需要更多的临床研究来证实其疗效。

Functional orthodontics is one of the most important methods in the treatment of skeletal class Ⅱ maloc⁃clusion in adolescents.A deep understanding of the many factors affecting the effect of functional orthopedics can im⁃prove the efficiency of correction and achieve good results.In this paper,from the two aspects of patients and applianc⁃es,we analyzed the factors that affect the curative effect of class Ⅱ malocclusion functional orthopedics and deeply analyzed the therapeutic mechanism of functional appliances to guide clinical treatment.The results of the literature review show that the peak period of growth and development is the best period for the treatment of skeletal Class Ⅱ malocclu⁃sion.For patients with a vertical growth type,it is recommended to use a high head cap traction appliance to prevent the lower jaw from rotating backward and downward,and functional appliances such as titanium plates or implant nail⁃assisted anchorage can effectively reduce the lip inclination of the lower anterior teeth.In addition,compared with the traditional functional appliance,digital and personalized transparent braces are not only more aesthetically pleasing,com⁃fortable and beneficial to periodontal health but also have many orthopedic appliances advantages,such as two⁃stage fusion,better incisor torque and vertical control of the posterior teeth,and can solve the problems of anterior interference and lateral deficiency while leading.With the development of digital orthodontics,transparent appliances have become an important developmental direction for functional appliances,but there are few related studies,and more clinical stud⁃ies are needed to confirm their efficacy.