家蚕人工饲料适应性驯化对饲育成绩及茧丝质量的影响

Effects of Adaptive Domestication of Silkworm to Artificial Feed on Rearing Performance and Silk Quality

家蚕对人工饲料的适应性是制约现代蚕业人工饲料育技术发展的重要因素之一。本试验将母种经过人工饲料适应性驯化10代以上后进行S菁松×S皓月、SZ9601×929406正反交,对一代杂交种进行1~2龄人工饲料育3~5龄桑叶育饲养试验,调查蚕体质量和茧丝质量。结果表明:母种经过人工饲料适应性驯化的杂交种,眠蚕体质量显著提高,对饲料的摄食性增强;S菁松×S皓月的虫蛹生命率提高,但茧质降低,而SZ9601×929406变化相反;母种驯化对杂交种丝质无显著影响。表明,不同家蚕品种对人工饲料的摄食性和适应性不同,这为家蚕人工饲料育技术的推广与应用提供了理论指导。

The adaptive habit of silkworm to artificial diet is one of the important factors restricting the utilization of artificial diet. In this study,after adaptive domestication of mother species to artificial feed for more than 10 generations,the cross and reciprocal cross of S Jingsong × S Haoyue and S29601 × 929406 were conducted. We raised the 1 st ~ 2 nd instars of F1 hybrid with artificial diet and the 3 rd ~ 5 th instars with mulberry,and measured the silkworm bodyweight and silk quality. The results showed that the bodyweight of silkworm during moulting increased significantly,and the ingestive habit was improved. The survival rate of S Jingsong × S Haoyue increased while the cocoon quality decreased. The changes of S29601 × 929406 was opposite. The adaptive domestication of mother species had no significant effects on silk quality of F1 hybrid.Different silkworm species had different feeding habits to artificial diet.