两种模型下探讨职业紧张对抑郁症状的影响

Effect of occupational stress on depressive symptom by using two stress models

目的探讨职业紧张对抑郁症状的影响。方法采用整群抽样方法,对某市公安局287名在职民警进行抑郁症状和职业紧张相关因素的问卷调查;并对抑郁症状与职业紧张相关因素的关系进行t检验、单因素方差分析、χ^2检验和多因素非条件logistic回归分析。结果付出-回报失衡(ERI)模型和需求-控制-支持(DCS)模型的高紧张组的抑郁症状评分和发生率均高于低紧张组(P<0.05)。ERI模型为自变量的回归分析中,内在付出(OR=2.45,95%CI:1.24~4.88)是抑郁症状发生的危险因素,回报(OR=0.44,95%CI:0.23~0.79)是保护因素;DCS模型为自变量的回归分析中,心理需求(OR=1.53,95%CI:1.01~2.74)是抑郁症状发生的危险因素;两种模型同时分析时,内在付出(OR=2.60,95%CI:1.30~5.71)是抑郁症状发生的危险因素,回报(OR=0.48,95%CI:0.27~0.83)是抑郁症状发生的保护因素。结论职业紧张对抑郁症状有影响,降低心理需求、减少内在付出及增加回报有助于降低民警抑郁症状发生的风险。

Objective To explore the effect of occupational stress on depressive symptom.Methods A cluster sampling survey of depressive symptom and occupational stress correlated factors was conducted on 287 police from a public security bureau by questionnaire;furthermore the relationship of depressive symptom and correlated factors was analyzed by t tests,one-way ANOVA,Chi-square test and multivariate non-conditional logistic regression.Results The depressive symptom scale and incidence in high groups of ERI model and DCS model were higher than low groups(P<0.05).For the regression analysis of ERI model as independent variables,overcommitment(OR=2.45,95%CI:1.24~4.88)was a risk factor of depressive symptom,reward(OR=0.44,95%CI:0.23~0.79)was a protective factor.For the regression analysis of JDC model as independent variables,psychological demand(OR=1.53,95%CI:1.01~2.74)was a risk factor of depressive symptom.While the ERI model and the JDC model simultaneously as independent variables,overcommitment(OR=2.60,95%CI:1.30~5.71)was a risk factor of depressive symptom,reward(OR=0.48,95%CI:0.27~0.83)was a protective factor.Conclusions Occupational stress affected depressive symptom,reducing psychological demand and overcommitment,increasing reward were helpful to reduce the risk of depression symptoms for people’s policeman.