共情能力在ICU护士死亡焦虑与临终关怀态度中的中介作用

Mediating Role of Empathy Ability in Death Anxiety and Attitude toward Hospice Care of ICU Nurses

目的探讨共情能力在ICU护士死亡焦虑与临终关怀态度中的中介作用。方法选取2018年10—11月就职于大连医科大学附属第一医院的ICU护士165名,采用一般资料调查表、中文版佛罗梅尔特临终关怀态度量表(FATCOD-B)、中文版死亡焦虑量表(CT-DAS)和人际反应指针量表(IRI)进行问卷调查。结果ICU护士临终关怀态度为(97.3±10.4)分,死亡焦虑为(8.5±2.9)分,共情能力为(53.8±10.4)分。临终关怀态度与死亡焦虑呈负相关,与共情能力呈正相关;共情能力在死亡焦虑对临终关怀态度的影响中起部分中介作用。结论ICU护士临终关怀态度和共情能力偏低,死亡焦虑较高;改善死亡焦虑和提高共情能力可有效促进临终关怀态度,提升临终关怀能力。

Objective To explore the mediating role of empathy ability in death anxiety and attitude toward hospice care of ICU nurses.Methods A total of 165 ICU nurses who worked in the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University from October to November 2018 were selected and investigated by using general information questionnaire,Chinese version of Frommelt Attitude Toward Care of the Dying Scale Form-B(FATCOD-B),Chinese version of Templer's Death Anxiety Scale(CT-DAS)and Interpersonal Reactivity Index(IRI)Scale.Results For these ICU nurses,the scores were as follows:(97.3±10.4)points on attitude toward hospice care,(8.5±2.9)points on death anxiety,and(53.8±10.4)points on empathy ability.The attitude toward hospice care was negatively correlated with death anxiety,and positively correlated with empathy ability,and the empathy ability played a partial mediating role in the influence of death anxiety on the attitude toward hospice care.Conclusion ICU nurses have relatively poor attitude toward hospice care and low empathy ability,with a relatively intense death anxiety.Relieving death anxiety and enhancing empathy ability can effectively improve the attitude toward hospice care and promote hospice care ability.