考虑产品价值特性的国际集装箱班列市场竞争力研究

A Study on the Market Competitiveness of International Container Train Considering the Value of Goods

国际物流通道的国际集装箱班列、陆海联运和航空运输之间存在竞争关系。在分析国际集装箱班列运输时间计算的基础上,考虑市场竞争力与产品价值的二元关系,基于显示性比较优势理论,构建国际集装箱班列的竞争力指数计算模型,以量化不同产品价值特性下的国际集装箱班列适运品类,给出各种方式的适运品类对应的货值区间。以中欧班列(重庆)为例,国际集装箱班列的适运产品主要为时间中度敏感产品;对时间敏感产品,当货值小于55万元/TEU时,国际集装箱班列竞争力优于航空运输;对时间不敏感产品,当产品价值大于180万元/TEU时,国际集装箱班列竞争力优于陆海联运。

There is a competitive relationship among different transportation modes of international container trains,land and sea combined transport and air transport on the corridor.The transportation time calculation for international container trains is first analyzed.Considering a binary relationship between the value of goods and market competitiveness,based on the theory of comparative advantage,the calculation model of the competitiveness index of international container trains is built to quantify the international container trains of different goods,and it gives the value range of different applicable goods category.The results of the China Railway Express(Chongqing)international container train show that they are mainly medium-sensitive goods.For time-sensitive goods,when the value of goods is less than RMB 550,000/TEU,the international container train is more competitive than air transportation.For goods that are not sensitive to time,when the value of the goods is greater than 1.8 million yuan/TEU,the competitiveness of international container trains is better than that of land-sea combined transport.