基于公交车辆定位数据的公交运送速度计算模型

Bus Transit Travel Speed Estimation Model Based on Vehicle Positioning Data

提出一套基于公交车辆GPS定位数据的公交运送速度计算模型,以公交车辆实时GPS数据和公交线站GIS数据为基础,借助地图匹配修正GPS坐标,确定公交车辆所处弧段和弧段百分比位置.基于公交车辆定位数据点与公交站点位置匹配流程,通过识别公交车辆到站时间,计算车辆在公交站点区间内的行程时间和运送速度,并进一步修正公交车辆到站时间误差和公交线站基础信息来改善模型精度.论文选取北京不同道路等级和时段的21条线路进行调查,验证模型误差和有效性.结果表明,模型的平均精度可达到91.4%,站点区间所在道路等级越高,计算结果越准确.论文所提出的公交运送速度计算模型,能为加强公共交通运行监测与管理、提升出行服务质量等提供重要支撑.

The paper provides a model for calculating bus travel speeds based on vehicle GPS positioning data.The paper improves on real-time GPS coordinates from buses using the information on bus traveling routes as well as GIS data from bus stops to accurately determine the positional arc and trip progress of buses.Furthermore,combining the arrival time of bus and distance between bus stops,this model can calculate the travel time and travel speed of buses.The study has refined and improved the accuracy of the model by further correcting the estimated arrival time of the bus and the basic information of the bus station.In this research,21 bus lines of different road grades and different time periods in Beijing are selected for investigation to verify the model error and validity.The results show that the average accuracy of the model can reach 91.4%.The higher the level of the road in the station section,the more accurate the calculation result.The calculation model of bus travel speed proposed in this paper can provide important support for strengthening the monitoring and management of public transportation as well as improving the quality of travel services.